India's Best TA Coaching in Bangalore

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EVOLUTION OF TA IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT

The genesis of the Territorial Army in India can be traced back to the first war of Independence in 1857, when a Volunteer Force was raised. In 1917 Indian Defence Force Act was enacted. Under the Indian Defence Force Act all the universities were asked to provide contingents to the Defence Force. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose joined the Calcutta University Corps of Indian Defence Force in 1918. Training with the University Corps helped him later in leading the Indian National Army in the struggle for freedom. Pt Jawharlal Nehru was part of the Allahabad University Corps. As a matter of interest Mahatma Gandhi also joined the South Africa Volunteer Force in 1898 and 1905 and was a Sergeant Maj with the Indian Ambulance Corps during the Boer war and Zulu rebellion.  

            The Indian Defence Force consisted of two branches, viz the European Branch consisting of the Old Volunteer Force under the designation of `Auxiliary Force’ and the Indian Branch which later on become part of the Indian Territorial Force. The Territorial Force was constituted for service within the limits of Indian Frontiers.

            Sir Charles Monroe, Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, in India introduced a bill in the Indian Legislative Council on 27th Aug 1920 to constitute an Indian Territorial Force which was duly passed. In the `Statement of the Objects and Reasons’ he stated that Indian Defence Force, 1917 was but an experimental measure and on account of the paucity of trained personnel and owing to the heavy demands from the Regular Force. The Indian Territorial Force was aimed at forming a second line of defence to the Regular Army.

The Indian Territorial Force in its original form comprised of Provincial Units, Urban Units Medical Units and University Training Corps. The Provincial Units of the Indian Territorial Force also had Artillery units like The Bengal Artillery, No 3 (Madras) Field Battery “The Duke’s Own“ etc. Signal units like No 1 (Madras) Signal Company; Infantry units consisted of Railway Regts like The Nagpur Rifles, The Punjab Rifles to name a few; Mounted Volunteer Force consisted of The Bihar Light Horse, The Calcutta Light Horse, The Assam Valley Light Horse, The United Provinces Horse etc.

The Territorial Army in its current form came into being when the Territorial Army Act was enacted on Aug 18, 1948. Initially, the Territorial Army consisted of Infantry, Armoured Corps, Air Defence Artillery, Signals, Supply and other departmental units.

The Territorial Army was formally inaugurated by the first Indian Governor General Shri C Rajagopalachari on 09 Oct 1949. This day is being celebrated as the Territorial Army Day. To make the countrymen conscious of existence of the ‘Citizen’s Army’ the first Territorial Army week was celebrated from 08-15 Nov 1952.

• 1857.  Raised as “Volunteers” and were recruited only from the Europeans & Anglo-Indians.
• October 1920. The Indian Territorial Force Bill was passed resulting in the reorganization of the Territorial Army into two separate wings, namely, the Auxiliary Force & the Indian Territorial Force. While the former was meant only for the Europeans and Anglo-Indians, the latter for the Indians.
• 18 August 1948. Territorial Army Act was enacted by the Constituent Assembly resulting in the constitution of the present Territorial Army.
• Started functioning through re-designation and re-organisation of 11 Indian Territorial Force Inf units. 
• 09 Oct 1949. Territorial Army’s first camp was formally inaugurated by Shri C Rajagpalachari, the first Indian Governor General of India . Therefore, 09 Oct is celebrated as TA Day every yr.
• Post Independence, apart from Infantry units, TA consisted of Arty (TA), AD (TA), AMC (TA), Armored (TA), Engineer (TA), Sig (TA) and some were disbanded or converted to Reg  Army.
• 1951-1968.    Fourteen Inf TA units were raised and 51 Lt Armd Regt was  re-designated as 122 Inf Bn (TA) MADRAS.
• 19 Oct 1968.    Six GH (TA) were raised and later disbanded on 13 Feb 2014. 
• 1977.     Approx 16 units of AD Regt (TA) along with their AD wksps were converted to Regular Army.
• 1982.  First Inf Bn (TA) Eco (127 Inf Bn (TA) Eco GARH RIF) was raised at Dehradun with a dual aim of resettlement of ESM and maint of ecology of Shivalik Rgs.
• Thereafter, eight ETF’s were raised in various trns, out of which one (131 TA) was disbanded.
• 11 Dec 1990.   777 Sig Regt (TA) was raised and later the unit was disbanded.
• In 1994 the Territorial Army Day Parade was designated as Prime Minister’s Territorial Army Day Parade
• Territorial Army comprises of various units such as Infantry Battalions, Infantry Battalions (Home & Hearth), Ecological Task Force, Railway Engineering Units, Oil Sector Units and General Hospital Units. These units relieve the Regular Army in static duty and aid in dealing with natural calamities and maintaining the essential services of the country during crisis. The Eco Task Force is dedicated to development, preservation and maintenance of ecological balance and afforestation in difficult areas.  
• May 1999.     Min of Railways disbanded three Rly Engr Regt (TA) (Out of existing 11 Rly Engr Regts and two bridge constr Coys) which were Rly paid. 
• 2001.     Rly Engr Regt (TA) and Bridge Construction Coys paid by MoD were converted into Inf Bns (TA) i.e 150 to 155 Inf Bns (TA). 
• 2004-2005.    Eleven Home & Hearth ( H&H) (TA) units were raised for J&K (08) and NE (03).  
• 2015 .   Three Engr Regt (TA) were raised for repairs of LC fence in 15 & 16 Corps Zone.
• 2017.     Territorial Army expanded its footprint with raising of 172 Inf Bn (TA) MADRAS at A &N Islands and 136 Inf Bn (TA) Eco MAHAR for drought hit region of Marathwada, in Maharashtra.
• 2018.   137 CETF Bn (TA) 39 GR is being raised for NMCG. The unit is likely to be operational by middle of 2018.

Presently the Territorial Army has a strength of approx fifty thousand personnel comprising 65 Departmental and Non Departmental units, having footprint through the length and breadth of the country.  

What are the options in TA

Infantry battalion: There are 40 units affiliated to various regiments of the Indian Army

H& H TA: These battalions are based on the concept of sons of the soil

Engineer TA: These battalions are deployed for maintenance of the line of control

Ecological TA: There are ten ecological TA battalions which are sponsored by various state governments. TA Battalions use technical expertise of the respective State Forest Department (SFD), for afforestation related activities, Soil Conservation to promote the environment.

During national emergency and natural calamities these Territorial Army personnel are embodiment in which they are liable to perform the assigned duties. The TA personnel of these units perform the same task which they do in their parent department i.e. in IOC

During national emergency and natural calamities these Territorial Army personnel are embodiment in which they are liable to perform the assigned duties. The TA personnel of these units perform the same task which they do in their parent department i.e. in Railways

During national emergency and natural calamities these Territorial Army personnel are embodiment in which they are liable to perform the assigned duties. The TA personnel of these units perform the same task which they do in their parent department i.e. in ONGC

INCENTIVES AND SERVICE BENEFITS

Following incentives and service benefits are available to Territorial Army:-

• Promotion to higher ranks as per authorization.
• Free rations, CSD facilities and medical facilities to self and dependents when embodied for training, military service or on Permanent Staff.
• Facilities of leave, leave encashment, accommodation and leave travel concessions when embodied for training, military service or on Permanent Staff.
• Entitlement to all medals and awards as applicable to the Regular Army.
• Rank Pay as applicable to Regular Army.
• DA as applicable during service embodiment.
• Special increments on completion of 3 to 5 Annual Training Camps.
• Entitlement of pension for officers with 20 years and JCOs and Other Ranks with 15 years aggregate embodied service (actual physical service).
• Facilities of Army Welfare Housing Organisation after 10 years of embodied/ physical service.
• Terminal gratuity at the time of discharge/ retirement (other than civil Govt employees).
• Ex-servicemen status and free medical facilities to pensioners.

Certain State Govts and Departments give the following incentives to TA personnel:-

• Cash awards varying from Rs 2500/- to Rs 5000/- by State Govts on award of TA Decoration/ TA Medal. • Mufti allowance and lump sum daily allowance by departments like ONGC and IOC.

SERVICE EMBODIMENT

All personnel of Infantry and Departmental TA will be called out for service embodiment by the Central Government or the authority empowered by it to do so, on the eve of National Emergency or for Internal Security duties and training exercises. Failure to report for service on such occasion is punishable under the Territorial Army Act 1948.

Territorial Army personnel are entitled to the following benefits from the Defence Estimates during embodiment for training and service embodiment:-

• Pay and allowances and Service Benefits - When embodied as applicable to Regular Army.
• A camp allowance is given per day when attending camps or courses of instruction (For Officers).
• Increment On completion of 365 days of physical service.
• Bounty Rs 450/- to Officers of infantry units, on completion of minimum 80% of annual training camp every year.
• TA Group Insurance benefits to personnel of non-departmental TA units.
• Terminal gratuity: After completing 5 years of physical service or 10 years of total service.
• Pension: On completion of 20 years of physical service to officers and 15 years to JCOs/OR other than civil Govt. employees.
• Family/disability Pension is also admissible as applicable to Regular Army.
• Leave as admissible to Regular Army personnel during an embodiment of service and appointment on permanent instructional staff.
• Accumulation and encashment of leave accrued during the above period, as per terms and conditions laid down from time to time.
• Ex-servicemen status to pensioners and disability pension holders and Gallantry award winners.
• Free Medical treatment to self and dependants in respect of all pension holders.
• Outfit allowance: @Rs 6000/- at the time of commissioning and after every 7 years of physical service or 10 years of commissioned service to officers.
• Medals and Awards as applicable to Regular Army. In addition, TA officers are entitled to TA Decoration on completion of 20 years.